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保險姓“保”,政策護航
2019-01-12

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10月16日(rì)消息,2015年(nián)開始實施,有效期爲三年(nián)的《互聯網保險業務監管暫行辦法》(以下簡稱《暫行辦法》)已于今年(nián)10月1日(rì)到期。銀保監會官網日(rì)前發布通知稱,正在加快(kuài)《暫行辦法》的修訂工(gōng)作,在新規出台之前,《暫行辦法》繼續生效。

 

據《電商報》了解,在此之前,銀保監會已向業内下發《關于繼續加強互聯網保險監管有關事(shì)項的通知》(以下簡稱《通知》)。《通知》明确要求,保險公司需加強産品創新能力、風(fēng)險管控能力、客戶服務能力建設,強化保險消費者合法權益保護,确保互聯網保險業務合規經營;銀保監會将繼續提升監管能力,促進互聯網保險經營機(jī)構提高服務水平。

 

過去(qù)幾年(nián),中國互聯網保險業務快(kuài)速發展,保費規模實現大(dà)幅增長。有數據顯示,互聯網保費收入2012年(nián)和2013年(nián)分(fēn)别爲110.7億元、318.4億元,2014年(nián)達到858.9億元,2015和2016年(nián),保費收入分(fēn)别達到2234億元、2347億元。2017年(nián),由于保險行業整體(tǐ)保費下滑,互聯網保費同比下降21.83%,下滑至1835億元。

 

實際上,中國互聯網保險起步很早,引爆市場的一個标志性事(shì)件(jiàn)是,2012年(nián)12月國華人(rén)壽通過淘寶聚劃算平台借助萬能險産品創造了三天一億元的銷售神話(huà)。

 

2013年(nián),****家互聯網保險公司衆安在線财産保險獲得(de)原保監會批準成立,此後中國互聯網保險進入高速發展階段,互聯網保險的保費幾乎每年(nián)上一個台階。

 

2015年(nián)以來(lái),随着互聯網保險驅動方發生根本變化,一些新的問(wèn)題和風(fēng)險趨勢有所冒頭,對現有的監管制度和監管環境提出了挑戰。

 

如(rú)第三方網絡平台數量巨大(dà),新媒體(tǐ)、新技術(shù)參與程度較高,對保險業務手續費、經營流程、資金收付等進行深度掌控,通過與保險公司的業務合作,間接受保險監管部門(mén)監管,不受保險監管部門(mén)直接或實質性監管。這導緻保險監管規定的信息披露要求、資金收付要求、手續費支付要求等往往在業務實踐中難以得(de)到有效的貫徹落實,帶來(lái)較大(dà)的合規風(fēng)險。

 

某些在線平台暗藏“搭售”,通過默認勾選的方式銷售一些保險産品,未明确列明承保主體(tǐ)或代理(lǐ)銷售主體(tǐ),未完整披露保險産品條款等相(xiàng)關重要信息,侵害了消費者的知情權、自(zì)主選擇權等。據銀保監會官網統計(jì)數據顯示,今年(nián)9月份共有8家平台被處罰,涉及的處罰理(lǐ)由包括:編制虛假資料;虛構保險代理(lǐ)業務、套取保險傭金;聘任不具有任職資格的人(rén)員(yuán);未按要求繳存保證金;未按規定管理(lǐ)業務檔案;未按規定使用銀行賬戶收取保險業務報酬等。

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針對保險中介平台亂象,原保監會在《暫行辦法》中曾對第三方平台的業務邊界進行了明确,旨在強化其參與互聯網保險業務的行爲約束。如(rú)保險中介平台可(kě)以爲保險機(jī)構開展互聯網業務提供輔助支持;若第三方網絡平台參與了互聯網業務的銷售、承保、理(lǐ)賠等關鍵環節,則必須取得(de)相(xiàng)應的保險業務經營資格。

 

但(dàn)是,互聯網保險中介平台本身(shēn)不受保險監管部門(mén)直接或實質性監管。這導緻保險監管規定的信息披露要求、資金收付要求、手續費支付要求等往往在業務實踐中難以得(de)到有效的貫徹落實,因而成爲違規操作“重災區”。

 

實際上,針對保險中介平台的監管正在加碼。據《電商報》了解,近期保險中介平台申請(qǐng)網銷資質,都(dōu)需要寫承諾書(shū),一是已拿到全國性的中介經營牌照(zhào);二是一年(nián)内沒有受到任何行政處罰。管中窺豹,未來(lái)的監管趨勢可(kě)見(jiàn)一斑。

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同時,自(zì)去(qù)年(nián)年(nián)初開始,螞蟻金服、騰訊、百度均已陸續獲得(de)經營互聯網保險業務的資質,宣布進軍保險中介領域。市場普遍認爲,BAT将襲卷整個互聯網保險市場,互聯網巨頭的入場将進一步促進保險中介平台的規範升級。

 

總而言之,互聯網保險發展至今大(dà)緻經曆了三個階段:1.0簡單渠道階段、2.0場景階段和3.0生态圈階段。但(dàn)無論處在何種階段,互聯網業務都(dōu)高度依賴流量資源。而随着市場容量擴大(dà),業務量張開以及多渠道的延伸,從(cóng)監管政策層面看(kàn),也日(rì)趨嚴謹,從(cóng)短(duǎn)期看(kàn),互聯網保險監管升級會倒逼相(xiàng)關平台升級,中小保險公司在目前互聯網保險環境下亦生存艱難,但(dàn)從(cóng)長遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看(kàn),這是國内互聯網保險市場回歸保障,走向融合,不斷更新升級的一個時機(jī),而且這也是互聯網保險業務經曆了前期的快(kuài)速增長,目前進入結構性調整階段,行業風(fēng)險逐步顯現所不可(kě)繞過的一個階段,相(xiàng)信随着市場監管進一步明确,各項政策法規陸續出台完善,互聯網保險将在自(zì)己的康莊大(dà)道上越走越遠(yuǎn)。


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